{
  "schema_version": "touchdown.ai-chip-coverage-universe.v3",
  "as_of": "2026-07-29",
  "updated_at": "2026-07-29",
  "title": "Dated China semiconductor and AI-compute research universe",
  "scope": "Every unique seed in the dated canonical China semiconductor research universe, including resolved entity records, stale crosswalk candidates, and true unresolved research queues across the full supply chain.",
  "status": "incomplete",
  "complete_accounting": true,
  "research_complete": false,
  "evidence_boundary": "Names are research seeds, not proof of legal identity, capability, or a commercial relationship. Generic categories are retained as discovery queues.",
  "resolution_boundary": "Only exact research-seed strings resolved in the canonical entity registry appear here; all others remain explicit unresolved seeds.",
  "display_name_boundary": "The name and seed_name fields preserve the dated source seed text. Display_name and seed_display_name provide country-explicit public labels without changing identity matching, stable IDs, or source accounting.",
  "geography_boundary": "Headquarters, ownership, legal domicile, control, design location, fab location, and operating geography are separate fields. This endpoint preserves source-recorded fields and does not infer a China or U.S. lane from one field.",
  "relationship_boundary": "Company capability and category membership do not create product-specific supplier, customer, facility, qualification, shipment, or deployment edges.",
  "summary": {
    "category_count": 16,
    "seed_group_entry_count": 304,
    "unique_seed_count": 239,
    "repeated_seed_count": 63,
    "extra_membership_count": 65,
    "canonical_resolved_count": 135,
    "canonical_resolved_unique_entity_count": 129,
    "crosswalk_candidate_count": 9,
    "resolution_conflict_count": 2,
    "unresolved_research_seed_count": 95,
    "unresolved_seed_group_entry_count": 107,
    "open_seed_group_entry_count": 122,
    "state_counts": {
      "canonical_resolved": 135,
      "exact_crosswalk_candidate": 8,
      "normalized_crosswalk_candidate": 0,
      "ambiguous_crosswalk_candidate": 1,
      "unresolved_research_seed": 95
    },
    "resolution_status_counts": {
      "canonical_exact_resolved": 115,
      "canonical_contextual_resolved": 18,
      "canonical_resolved_alias_collision": 1,
      "canonical_resolution_conflict": 1,
      "exact_legal_candidate": 0,
      "exact_nonlegal_candidate": 8,
      "normalized_candidate": 0,
      "ambiguous_candidate": 1,
      "unresolved": 95
    },
    "resolution_status_group_entry_counts": {
      "canonical_exact_resolved": 154,
      "canonical_contextual_resolved": 24,
      "canonical_resolved_alias_collision": 2,
      "canonical_resolution_conflict": 2,
      "exact_legal_candidate": 0,
      "exact_nonlegal_candidate": 13,
      "normalized_candidate": 0,
      "ambiguous_candidate": 2,
      "unresolved": 107
    },
    "canonical_entity_count": 217,
    "canonical_alias_resolution_count": 459,
    "coverage_percent": 56.5
  },
  "provenance": {
    "source_repository": "Touchdown-Labs",
    "source_directory": "data/china-semiconductor",
    "source_dataset_commit": null,
    "source_dataset_base_commit": "360936e25eb5e1c2fbda25f6e3f43f8131a35184",
    "source_repository_head_at_capture": "5c2cb9a5949717dc0a3927173e0ed40ff5208639",
    "source_worktree_state": "dirty_in_source_directory",
    "source_snapshot_boundary": "The source directory contained uncommitted changes when these build inputs were captured. This is not an independent source of truth. The per-file SHA-256 values identify the exact bytes used; the base commit alone does not.",
    "source_files": [
      {
        "path": "seed-universe.yaml",
        "sha256": "645fce6ef049aaa5a76756230edc384b8d3f883a7a69567b666f89e99b6cd6b7"
      },
      {
        "path": "entities.yaml",
        "sha256": "41ec1edcd4ee6e7a3632cc77caaabf227956506d8b28b82551c0ee3500315341"
      },
      {
        "path": "evidence.yaml",
        "sha256": "7a5d17b85989542750809e70a15f4571c0ee48260e3dfa16e6cdd346e6137994"
      }
    ],
    "seed_schema_version": "touchdown.china-semiconductor.seed-universe.v1",
    "entity_schema_version": "touchdown.china-semiconductor.entity.v1",
    "evidence_schema_version": "touchdown.china-semiconductor.source.v1"
  },
  "taxonomy": {
    "coverage_states": {
      "canonical_resolved": "The canonical seed resolver names one entity record.",
      "exact_crosswalk_candidate": "An unresolved seed exactly matches one canonical identity string, but the canonical seed resolver has not approved the crosswalk.",
      "normalized_crosswalk_candidate": "An unresolved seed matches one identity only after case, punctuation, and whitespace normalization; human review is required.",
      "ambiguous_crosswalk_candidate": "The identity string can map to more than one canonical entity; no entity is selected.",
      "unresolved_research_seed": "No unique canonical entity candidate is available from the current identity registry."
    },
    "resolution_statuses": {
      "canonical_exact_resolved": "The canonical resolver selects an entity whose recorded identity exactly matches the seed.",
      "canonical_contextual_resolved": "The canonical resolver selects an entity through a reviewed contextual crosswalk; the literal seed is not an exact identity string.",
      "canonical_resolved_alias_collision": "The canonical resolver selects an entity, but another entity shares the same identity string.",
      "canonical_resolution_conflict": "The canonical resolver selects one legal entity while the identity ledger points to another record level or endpoint.",
      "exact_legal_candidate": "The unresolved seed exactly matches one clean legal-company record; human review is still required.",
      "exact_nonlegal_candidate": "The unresolved seed exactly matches one brand or unresolved endpoint rather than a clean legal-company record.",
      "normalized_candidate": "The unresolved seed matches one record only after conservative identity normalization.",
      "ambiguous_candidate": "The unresolved seed can match more than one entity record; no target is selected.",
      "unresolved": "No canonical identity candidate is available from the current registry."
    },
    "category_mapping_boundary": "Macro-stage hints organize research queues. They are derived from the category definition and do not prove that a seed performs every hinted role."
  },
  "normalization": {
    "version": "seed-identity-normalizer-v1",
    "method": "NFKC, lowercase, ampersand expansion, punctuation and whitespace collapsed",
    "selection_boundary": "candidate_generation_only",
    "boundary": "Normalization may reveal a review candidate or collision. It never selects a canonical legal entity automatically."
  },
  "categories": [
    {
      "id": "cleanrooms_utilities_environment",
      "label": "Cleanrooms, utilities, and environmental control",
      "question": "Who builds and operates the controlled facility around a fab?",
      "macro_stage_hints": [
        "power_cooling_facilities"
      ],
      "placement_count": 12,
      "seed_count": 12,
      "state_counts": {
        "canonical_resolved": 5,
        "exact_crosswalk_candidate": 0,
        "normalized_crosswalk_candidate": 0,
        "ambiguous_crosswalk_candidate": 0,
        "unresolved_research_seed": 7
      },
      "resolution_status_counts": {
        "canonical_exact_resolved": 4,
        "canonical_contextual_resolved": 1,
        "canonical_resolved_alias_collision": 0,
        "canonical_resolution_conflict": 0,
        "exact_legal_candidate": 0,
        "exact_nonlegal_candidate": 0,
        "normalized_candidate": 0,
        "ambiguous_candidate": 0,
        "unresolved": 7
      },
      "resolved_count": 5,
      "crosswalk_candidate_count": 0,
      "unresolved_count": 7,
      "seed_ids": [
        "seed-d795ae41bb9cb0d1",
        "seed-2233362786da7964",
        "seed-e0343b30f1c34adb",
        "seed-9957561d1cdd3f21",
        "seed-9c362b5aff967733",
        "seed-c79fb1fbae9e4e08",
        "seed-b7400aafdae38f4b",
        "seed-80dd3c25fcfb6c84",
        "seed-a1863b83ccf49176",
        "seed-46f7b29705456e61",
        "seed-394a401a20829d80",
        "seed-ecf5205c264d5306"
      ],
      "membership_ids": [
        "membership-0f1114ed7f261309",
        "membership-96c17dceeef0f6ec",
        "membership-0b54012739273dda",
        "membership-a69fa93d97d340f4",
        "membership-6315d33dc118b438",
        "membership-cfec82424882756f",
        "membership-a79a9283c8e4e640",
        "membership-99e97bbfefb79496",
        "membership-386228d2a168c8b3",
        "membership-1a5fa9d71092bd84",
        "membership-015848e9cf2427b8",
        "membership-ea674b99a2f3accb"
      ],
      "boundary": "This category is an investigation queue. Membership does not establish a company-to-product or supplier relationship."
    },
    {
      "id": "compound_power_rf_photonics_sensors",
      "label": "Compound, power, RF, photonics, and sensors",
      "question": "Who supplies the non-logic devices that move power, radio, light, and sensor data?",
      "macro_stage_hints": [
        "chip_architecture",
        "front_end_fabrication",
        "interconnect_networking"
      ],
      "placement_count": 18,
      "seed_count": 18,
      "state_counts": {
        "canonical_resolved": 6,
        "exact_crosswalk_candidate": 2,
        "normalized_crosswalk_candidate": 0,
        "ambiguous_crosswalk_candidate": 1,
        "unresolved_research_seed": 9
      },
      "resolution_status_counts": {
        "canonical_exact_resolved": 5,
        "canonical_contextual_resolved": 0,
        "canonical_resolved_alias_collision": 1,
        "canonical_resolution_conflict": 0,
        "exact_legal_candidate": 0,
        "exact_nonlegal_candidate": 2,
        "normalized_candidate": 0,
        "ambiguous_candidate": 1,
        "unresolved": 9
      },
      "resolved_count": 6,
      "crosswalk_candidate_count": 3,
      "unresolved_count": 9,
      "seed_ids": [
        "seed-802e969c0bfe97f9",
        "seed-5bf5a698c6b99eeb",
        "seed-6d410d92e6a69489",
        "seed-9c2907d32976ae96",
        "seed-783ea1a39ad2657c",
        "seed-1b005dcf37c84899",
        "seed-74563a97f25b39b7",
        "seed-d763da1fcd93fe16",
        "seed-83bdad00e8ac5af9",
        "seed-e840094384450c14",
        "seed-8db134f61324f8a3",
        "seed-9175f557840cdd6d",
        "seed-a91f0beffeab1079",
        "seed-1b03a9cd113f75eb",
        "seed-9e46e38c7b4fe786",
        "seed-1d9b672d6fbed28d",
        "seed-55c422fda5213b6e",
        "seed-b2799bc632a738de"
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      "membership_ids": [
        "membership-ab9ce64c7560a015",
        "membership-9db2e69d0932980e",
        "membership-1140e6ac7b68eadb",
        "membership-15f119a23d5da015",
        "membership-706b2646a2ff836b",
        "membership-780673e7380ad699",
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        "membership-19e9411032c2f5db",
        "membership-4fced69477430166",
        "membership-aa3d2f56eff91caa",
        "membership-0b2b14d01105f9ec",
        "membership-c6b8fb711d205807",
        "membership-7911a7380ee7d985",
        "membership-f725897441446ade",
        "membership-8d5f4bc89609566f",
        "membership-8fca612923ad0d3a",
        "membership-d926c071498f60e4",
        "membership-9b23d7c480e2850a"
      ],
      "boundary": "This category is an investigation queue. Membership does not establish a company-to-product or supplier relationship."
    },
    {
      "id": "controlled_global_comparators",
      "label": "Controlled global comparators",
      "question": "Which non-China designs provide a bounded technical comparison?",
      "macro_stage_hints": [
        "chip_architecture",
        "memory_storage",
        "systems_integration"
      ],
      "placement_count": 9,
      "seed_count": 9,
      "state_counts": {
        "canonical_resolved": 0,
        "exact_crosswalk_candidate": 0,
        "normalized_crosswalk_candidate": 0,
        "ambiguous_crosswalk_candidate": 0,
        "unresolved_research_seed": 9
      },
      "resolution_status_counts": {
        "canonical_exact_resolved": 0,
        "canonical_contextual_resolved": 0,
        "canonical_resolved_alias_collision": 0,
        "canonical_resolution_conflict": 0,
        "exact_legal_candidate": 0,
        "exact_nonlegal_candidate": 0,
        "normalized_candidate": 0,
        "ambiguous_candidate": 0,
        "unresolved": 9
      },
      "resolved_count": 0,
      "crosswalk_candidate_count": 0,
      "unresolved_count": 9,
      "seed_ids": [
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        "seed-3ecbbb1e26100bd3",
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        "seed-4192ea4761294c87",
        "seed-a96af05f968da984",
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      "membership_ids": [
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        "membership-afc04786ed566934",
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        "membership-ee91f4c89f054625",
        "membership-1dea6bcff37d9e89",
        "membership-25e6694ccb073bf6"
      ],
      "boundary": "This category is an investigation queue. Membership does not establish a company-to-product or supplier relationship."
    },
    {
      "id": "distribution_channels",
      "label": "Distribution channels",
      "question": "Who can legally and repeatedly deliver parts after they are made?",
      "macro_stage_hints": [
        "cloud_deployment_demand",
        "production_qualification"
      ],
      "placement_count": 6,
      "seed_count": 6,
      "state_counts": {
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        "exact_crosswalk_candidate": 0,
        "normalized_crosswalk_candidate": 0,
        "ambiguous_crosswalk_candidate": 0,
        "unresolved_research_seed": 6
      },
      "resolution_status_counts": {
        "canonical_exact_resolved": 0,
        "canonical_contextual_resolved": 0,
        "canonical_resolved_alias_collision": 0,
        "canonical_resolution_conflict": 0,
        "exact_legal_candidate": 0,
        "exact_nonlegal_candidate": 0,
        "normalized_candidate": 0,
        "ambiguous_candidate": 0,
        "unresolved": 6
      },
      "resolved_count": 0,
      "crosswalk_candidate_count": 0,
      "unresolved_count": 6,
      "seed_ids": [
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      "membership_ids": [
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        "membership-dd0b3232071ad063",
        "membership-8b6e00d50c9ece8d",
        "membership-afd46a6e8d40d7e8",
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      "boundary": "This category is an investigation queue. Membership does not establish a company-to-product or supplier relationship."
    },
    {
      "id": "downstream_demand",
      "label": "Systems, cloud, and downstream demand",
      "question": "Who integrates, buys, deploys, or operates the finished capability?",
      "macro_stage_hints": [
        "systems_integration",
        "cloud_deployment_demand"
      ],
      "placement_count": 32,
      "seed_count": 32,
      "state_counts": {
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        "exact_crosswalk_candidate": 2,
        "normalized_crosswalk_candidate": 0,
        "ambiguous_crosswalk_candidate": 0,
        "unresolved_research_seed": 23
      },
      "resolution_status_counts": {
        "canonical_exact_resolved": 7,
        "canonical_contextual_resolved": 0,
        "canonical_resolved_alias_collision": 0,
        "canonical_resolution_conflict": 0,
        "exact_legal_candidate": 0,
        "exact_nonlegal_candidate": 2,
        "normalized_candidate": 0,
        "ambiguous_candidate": 0,
        "unresolved": 23
      },
      "resolved_count": 7,
      "crosswalk_candidate_count": 2,
      "unresolved_count": 23,
      "seed_ids": [
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        "membership-44b4e402a11bc4f4",
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        "membership-175084bb891e4186",
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        "membership-7f76bb924a2c022e"
      ],
      "boundary": "This category is an investigation queue. Membership does not establish a company-to-product or supplier relationship."
    },
    {
      "id": "eda_ip_design_services",
      "label": "EDA, IP, and design services",
      "question": "Who supplies the tools, reusable blocks, and verification work needed to define the chip?",
      "macro_stage_hints": [
        "design_ip_eda"
      ],
      "placement_count": 14,
      "seed_count": 14,
      "state_counts": {
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        "normalized_crosswalk_candidate": 0,
        "ambiguous_crosswalk_candidate": 0,
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      },
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        "canonical_contextual_resolved": 2,
        "canonical_resolved_alias_collision": 0,
        "canonical_resolution_conflict": 0,
        "exact_legal_candidate": 0,
        "exact_nonlegal_candidate": 1,
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        "ambiguous_candidate": 0,
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      "crosswalk_candidate_count": 1,
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      "seed_ids": [
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        "membership-86e74478e2285ba6",
        "membership-28c25e64fe62d383",
        "membership-1a4429d7c2c0ab88"
      ],
      "boundary": "This category is an investigation queue. Membership does not establish a company-to-product or supplier relationship."
    },
    {
      "id": "equipment_components_subsystems",
      "label": "Equipment components and subsystems",
      "question": "Who supplies the lasers, optics, chambers, pumps, valves, and precision parts inside fab tools?",
      "macro_stage_hints": [
        "lithography",
        "deposition_etch_clean_cmp",
        "inspection_metrology_test"
      ],
      "placement_count": 12,
      "seed_count": 12,
      "state_counts": {
        "canonical_resolved": 12,
        "exact_crosswalk_candidate": 0,
        "normalized_crosswalk_candidate": 0,
        "ambiguous_crosswalk_candidate": 0,
        "unresolved_research_seed": 0
      },
      "resolution_status_counts": {
        "canonical_exact_resolved": 12,
        "canonical_contextual_resolved": 0,
        "canonical_resolved_alias_collision": 0,
        "canonical_resolution_conflict": 0,
        "exact_legal_candidate": 0,
        "exact_nonlegal_candidate": 0,
        "normalized_candidate": 0,
        "ambiguous_candidate": 0,
        "unresolved": 0
      },
      "resolved_count": 12,
      "crosswalk_candidate_count": 0,
      "unresolved_count": 0,
      "seed_ids": [
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        "countries_of_operation": [
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      "boundary": "A research seed or category match shows what is being investigated. It does not prove capability, ownership, manufacturing origin, a product-specific supplier relationship, qualification, shipment volume, or deployment."
    },
    {
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        "country_of_ownership": "China",
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          "photoresist"
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        "product_ids": []
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        "src-nata-mo-sources"
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        {
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      "last_checked": "2026-07-29",
      "remaining_receipt": "The seed-to-entity crosswalk is recorded. Product-specific supplier, facility, qualification, volume, and deployment relationships still require their own sources.",
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    },
    {
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        "country_of_ownership": "China",
        "countries_of_operation": [
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        "supply_chain_layers": [
          "memory modules",
          "ssd storage",
          "storage boards",
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      "last_checked": "2026-08-01",
      "remaining_receipt": "The seed-to-entity crosswalk is recorded. Product-specific supplier, facility, qualification, volume, and deployment relationships still require their own sources.",
      "boundary": "A research seed or category match shows what is being investigated. It does not prove capability, ownership, manufacturing origin, a product-specific supplier relationship, qualification, shipment volume, or deployment."
    },
    {
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      "occurrence_count": 1,
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      "resolution_conflict_entity_ids": [],
      "identity_match_basis": "canonical_seed_resolution",
      "legal_identity_state": "verified",
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        "headquarters": "Hefei, Anhui, China",
        "country_of_ownership": "China",
        "countries_of_operation": [
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        "ownership_type": "publicly_listed_mixed_ownership_current_control_unresolved",
        "supply_chain_layers": [],
        "product_ids": []
      },
      "source_ids": [
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        "src-nexchip-sse-listing"
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      "remaining_receipt": "The seed-to-entity crosswalk is recorded. Product-specific supplier, facility, qualification, volume, and deployment relationships still require their own sources.",
      "boundary": "A research seed or category match shows what is being investigated. It does not prove capability, ownership, manufacturing origin, a product-specific supplier relationship, qualification, shipment volume, or deployment."
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      "normalized_candidate_entity_ids": [],
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      "source_refs": [],
      "last_checked": "2026-07-29",
      "remaining_receipt": "A primary legal-identity or role source and a canonical entity record or explicit generic-queue disposition are still required.",
      "boundary": "A research seed or category match shows what is being investigated. It does not prove capability, ownership, manufacturing origin, a product-specific supplier relationship, qualification, shipment volume, or deployment."
    },
    {
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      "occurrence_count": 1,
      "macro_stage_hints": [
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    },
    {
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      "entity_snapshot": null,
      "source_ids": [],
      "source_refs": [],
      "last_checked": "2026-07-29",
      "remaining_receipt": "More than one canonical identity can match this seed. Human review must establish the intended legal entity or brand endpoint; no candidate is counted as resolved.",
      "boundary": "A research seed or category match shows what is being investigated. It does not prove capability, ownership, manufacturing origin, a product-specific supplier relationship, qualification, shipment volume, or deployment."
    },
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        "entity_type": "company",
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        "headquarters": "China; exact headquarters unresolved",
        "country_of_ownership": "China",
        "countries_of_operation": [
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        "product_ids": []
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          "publisher": "PNC Process Systems Co., Ltd.",
          "url": "https://en.pncs.cn/brand/index.html",
          "primary_status": "primary",
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      "last_checked": "2026-08-01",
      "remaining_receipt": "The seed-to-entity crosswalk is recorded. Product-specific supplier, facility, qualification, volume, and deployment relationships still require their own sources.",
      "boundary": "A research seed or category match shows what is being investigated. It does not prove capability, ownership, manufacturing origin, a product-specific supplier relationship, qualification, shipment volume, or deployment."
    },
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      "macro_stage_hints": [
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      "coverage_state": "canonical_resolved",
      "resolution_status": "canonical_exact_resolved",
      "disposition": "resolved_to_canonical_entity",
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      "exact_candidate_entity_ids": [
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      "normalized_candidate_entity_ids": [
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      "candidate_record_types": {
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      "resolution_conflict": false,
      "resolution_conflict_entity_ids": [],
      "identity_match_basis": "canonical_seed_resolution",
      "legal_identity_state": "verified",
      "entity_snapshot": {
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        "name": "Payton Technology (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd.",
        "entity_type": "company",
        "completion_state": "source_backed",
        "headquarters": "China; exact headquarters unresolved",
        "country_of_ownership": "China",
        "countries_of_operation": [
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        "ownership_type": "mainland_control_not_closed_in_source",
        "supply_chain_layers": [
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          "nand packaging",
          "assembly",
          "test"
        ],
        "product_ids": []
      },
      "source_ids": [
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      "source_refs": [
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          "title": "Payton Technology Company Profile",
          "publisher": "Payton Technology (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd.",
          "url": "https://en.kaifa.cn/uploadfiles/2020/09/20200921165222583.pdf",
          "primary_status": "primary",
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      "last_checked": "2026-08-01",
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      "boundary": "A research seed or category match shows what is being investigated. It does not prove capability, ownership, manufacturing origin, a product-specific supplier relationship, qualification, shipment volume, or deployment."
    },
    {
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      "candidate_record_types": {
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      "identity_match_basis": "canonical_seed_resolution",
      "legal_identity_state": "verified",
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        "entity_type": "company",
        "completion_state": "source_backed",
        "headquarters": "Shanghai, China",
        "country_of_ownership": "China",
        "countries_of_operation": [
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          "United States"
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        "ownership_type": "publicly_listed_current_control_unresolved",
        "supply_chain_layers": [],
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}
